Where should import statements be placed in a Java program?

Import statements in a Java program are used to bring in classes and packages so that you can use them without needing to provide their fully qualified names. The proper placement of import statements is crucial for both readability and functionality.

Import statements should be positioned after any package declaration (if present) and before any class definition within the Java source file. This organizational structure allows the Java compiler to recognize which classes from the imported packages can be used in the class that follows. By placing import statements in this way, it maintains a clear separation between the package namespace and the classes and components that are utilized in the file, ensuring the program compiles and functions correctly.

This placement also aids developers in understanding the dependencies of the program at a glance, as all necessary imports are clearly listed before the class code begins. Having import statements after the class definition or elsewhere in the file would lead to confusion and is not compliant with the Java programming conventions.